Raymo's Friends: Back From The Dead

Over 99% of all species have gone extinct. In the 19th century, the population of Pyrenean ibex, also known as a bucardo, began to decline precipitously. These mountain goats became the victims of human hunting and competition and in 1999, the last bucardo, named Ceila died when a tree fell on her. However, before Celia perished, scientists preserved tissue samples to clone her living twin in 2003. Similarily, in 2013, the Lazurus Project of Australia successfully created a living embryo of the extinct gastric-brooding frog from non-living preserved genetic material. These experiments mark the beginning of the "fruitful promise of genetic engineering" (215).  Through backbreeding [scientists using a living species genetically similar to the extinct species and selectively breed for old traits], genetic engineering and cloning, scientists plan to reassurect extinct species straight from their evolutionary graves. Some of the most vouched revivals include the wooly mammoth, Tasmanian tigers, passenger pigeons and  Steller's sea cows. In fact, http://longnow.org/revive/species/ provides a checklist for which species may be able to make it back to life. In addition, scientists of the website have already developed a response to those who oppose de-extinction: "We're not playing. We're coming to terms with our own powers, as well as the unexpected results of our actions." However, as Raymo argues, how do we know when we have crossed the line? When Janus turns to reveal his other face, full of "potential danger", it will be far too late to reverse the effects of genetic manipulation.  Furthermore, these scientists declare that they will deal with the "unexpected results" when the time comes; yet it is the unknown that engenders the source of "uneasiness" Raymo feels. If genetic engineers are able to dethaw "purloined genes" and revive ancient animals, let us all take a moment to imagine the look on Raymo's face as he embraces his new friends.